This International Standard describes three procedures, A, B and C, using the Pensky-Martens closed cup
tester, for determining the flash point of combustible liquids, liquids with suspended solids, liquids that
tend to form a surface film under the test conditions, biodiesel and other liquids in the temperature range
of 40 °C to 370 °C.
CAUTION — For certain mixtures no flash point, as defined, is observed; instead a significant enlargement
of the test flame (not halo effect) and a change in colour of the test flame from blue to yellowish-orange
can occur. Continued heating can result in significant burning of vapours outside the test cup, and can be
a potential fire hazard.
NOTE 1 Although, technically, kerosene with a flash point above 40 °C can be tested using this International
Standard, it is standard practice to test kerosene according to ISO 13736.[5] Similarly, lubricating oils are normally
tested according to ISO 2592[2].
Procedure A is applicable to distillate fuels (diesel, biodiesel blends, heating oil and turbine fuels), new
and in-use lubricating oils, paints and varnishes, and other homogeneous liquids not included in the scope
of Procedures B or C.
Procedure B is applicable to residual fuel oils, cutback residua, used lubricating oils, mixtures of liquids
with solids, liquids that tend to form a surface film under test conditions or are of such kinematic viscosity
that they are not uniformly heated under the stirring and heating conditions of Procedure A.
Procedure C is applicable to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) as specified in specifications such as
EN 14214[11] or ASTM D6751[13].
This International Standard is not applicable to water-borne paints and varnishes.
NOTE 2 Water-borne paints and varnishes can be tested using ISO 3679[3]. Liquids containing traces of highly
volatile materials can be tested using ISO 1523[1] or ISO 3679.
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