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27 Energy and heat transfer engineering
New standards
EVS-EN 16214-1:2024
Sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass for energy applications - Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers - Part 1: Terminology
Scope:
This document specifies the terminology to be used in the field of sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass for energy applications. This document specifically considers some relevant terms and definitions used in European Commission Directive 2018/EU/2001, the recast of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II), and the European Commission Directive 2009/30/EC referred to as Fuel Quality Directive (FQD), or in other related European regulations.
Base documents:
EN 16214-1:2024
Replaces:
EVS-EN 16214-1:2012+A1:2019
EVS-EN 16214-3:2024
Sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass for energy applications - Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers - Part 3: Sustainability criteria related to environmental aspects
Scope:
This document specifies procedures, criteria and indicators meeting the sustainability criteria of European Commission Directive 2018/EU/2001 (RED II), the recast of the Renewable Energy Directive, for agricultural biomass and forest biomass for energy applications, i.e. biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels. This document is applicable to production, cultivation and harvesting of biomass from agricultural land and forest land for biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuel production.
Base documents:
EN 16214-3:2024
Replaces:
EVS-EN 16214-3:2012+A1:2017
EVS-EN 50156-1:2024
Electrical equipment for furnaces and ancillary equipment - Part 1: Requirements for application design and installation
Scope:
EN 50156-1 applies to the application design and installation of electrical equipment, control circuits and safety-related systems for furnaces operated with solid, liquid or gaseous fuels and their ancillary equipment. It specifies requirements to meet the operating conditions of furnaces, to reduce the hazards of combustion and to protect the heated systems from damage (for example by overheating).
Such furnaces and electrical equipment can be part by way of example of the following plant:
— water heating systems,
— steam boiler installations (steam and hot-water boilers) and heat recovery steam boilers,
— warm air heaters,
— hot-gas heaters,
— heat exchanger systems,
— combustion chambers of stationary turbines,
— as long as no other standard is applicable for combined heat and power stations, we recommend the use of the requirements of this document.
EN 50156-1 can be used as a basis for the requirements placed on electrical equipment for furnaces, which are excluded from its field of application. EN 50156-1 specifies special requirements for the management of functional safety.
Base documents:
EN 50156-1:2024
Replaces:
EVS-EN 50156-1:2015
EVS-EN IEC 60308:2024
Hydraulic turbines - Testing of governing systems
Scope:
IEC 60308:2024 deals with the definition and the characteristics of control systems. It is not limited to the actual controller tasks but also includes other tasks which may be assigned to a control system, such as sequence control tasks, safety and provision for the actuating energy. The following systems are included, speed, power, opening, water level and flow control for all turbine types; electronic, electrical and fluid power devices; safety devices as well as start-up and shutdown devices. The significant technical changes introduced by the third edition are the adoption of parts of IEC 61362:2024 which deal with test matters and the introduction of new technical aspects.
Base documents:
IEC 60308:2024; EN IEC 60308:2024
Replaces:
EVS-EN 60308:2005
EVS-EN IEC 60891:2021/AC:2024
Photovoltaic devices - Procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics
Scope:
Corrigendum to EN IEC 60891:2021
Base documents:
EN IEC 60891:2021/AC:2024-11; IEC 60891:2021/COR1:2024
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2024
Photovoltaic devices - Part 1-2: Measurement of current-voltage characteristics of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) devices
Scope:
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2024 describes procedures for the measurement of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of single junction bifacial photovoltaic devices in natural or simulated sunlight. It is applicable to encapsulated solar cells, sub-assemblies of such cells or entire PV modules. For measurements of I-V characteristics of non-encapsulated solar cells, IEC TS 63202-3 applies.
The requirements for measurement of I-V characteristics of standard (monofacial) PV devices are covered by IEC 60904-1, whereas this document describes the additional requirements for the measurement of I-V characteristics of bifacial PV devices.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The scope has been updated and refers to IEC TS 63202-3 for the measurement of non‑encapsulated solar cells.
b) The requirements for the non-uniformity of irradiance have been updated and now refer to classifications introduced in IEC 60904-9.
c) The requirement for non-irradiated background has been revised.
d) Spectral mismatch corrections are no longer mandatory, unless required by another standard. Spectral mismatch would have to be considered in the measurement uncertainty.
e) The requirement regarding the calculation of bifaciality has been modified: Equivalent irradiance shall not be calculated based on the minimum bifaciality value between ISC and Pmax, but on the bifaciality of ISC.
The requirements for measurement of I-V characteristics of standard (monofacial) PV devices are covered by IEC 60904-1, whereas this document describes the additional requirements for the measurement of I-V characteristics of bifacial PV devices.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The scope has been updated and refers to IEC TS 63202-3 for the measurement of non‑encapsulated solar cells.
b) The requirements for the non-uniformity of irradiance have been updated and now refer to classifications introduced in IEC 60904-9.
c) The requirement for non-irradiated background has been revised.
d) Spectral mismatch corrections are no longer mandatory, unless required by another standard. Spectral mismatch would have to be considered in the measurement uncertainty.
e) The requirement regarding the calculation of bifaciality has been modified: Equivalent irradiance shall not be calculated based on the minimum bifaciality value between ISC and Pmax, but on the bifaciality of ISC.
Base documents:
Replaces:
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2019
Replaced standards
EVS-EN 62788-1-4:2016
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-4: Encapsulants - Measurement of optical transmittance and calculation of the solar-weighted photon transmittance, yellowness index, and UV cut-off wavelength
Scope:
IEC 62788-1-4:2016 provides a method for measurement of the optical transmittance of encapsulation materials used in photovoltaic (PV) modules. The standardized measurements in this procedure quantify the expected transmittance of the encapsulation to the PV cell. Subsequent calculation of solar-weighted transmittance allows for comparison between different materials. The results for unweathered material may be used in an encapsulation manufacturer's datasheets, in manufacturer's material or process development, in manufacturing quality control (material acceptance), or applied in the analysis of module performance. This measurement method can also be used to monitor the performance of encapsulation materials after weathering, to help assess their durability.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-4:2016; EN 62788-1-4:2016
EVS-EN 62788-1-6:2017
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-6: Encapsulants - Test methods for determining the degree of cure in Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Scope:
IEC 62788-1-6:2017 defines the terminology, test equipment, test environment, specimen preparation, test procedures, and test report for measuring the degree of cure of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) encapsulation sheet used in photovoltaic (PV) modules. The differential scanning calorimetry (both residual enthalpy and melt/freeze protocols) and gel content methods are included herein. This procedure can be used by material- or module-manufacturers to verify that the cross-linking additive is present and is active. The procedure can also be used to verify the module manufacturing (lamination) process for the purposes of quality- and process-control. The procedure can also be used to assess the uniformity of the EVA formulation within a roll as well as to compare variation of the EVA formulation from roll to roll.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-6:2017; EN 62788-1-6:2017
EVS-EN 50156-1:2015
Electrical equipment for furnaces and ancillary equipment - Part 1: Requirements for application design and installation
Scope:
This European Standard applies to the application design and installation of electrical equipment, control circuits and safety-related systems for furnaces which are operated with solid, liquid or gaseous fuels and their ancillary equipment. It specifies requirements to meet the operating conditions of furnaces, to reduce the hazards of combustion and to protect the heated systems from damage e.g. by overheating.
Such furnaces and the electrical equipment may be part by way of example of the following plant:
a) water heating systems;
b) steam boiler installations (steam and hot-water boilers) and heat recovery steam boilers;
NOTE 1 The requirements of this standard apply according to the electrical equipment of electrically heated steam boilers.
NOTE 2 Seagoing vessels and offshore facilities are governed by International Maritime Law and as such are not within the scope of this standard. These requirements may be used for such facilities.
c) warm air heaters;
d) hot-gas heaters;
e) heat exchanger systems;
f) combustion chambers of stationary turbines;
g) as long as no other standard is applicable for combined heat and power stations, we recommend the use of the requirements of this standard;
h)This standard may also be used as reference for electrical equipment requirements for thermo-processing equipment.
The requirements in this standard are not applicable to electrical equipment for:
i) non-electrically heated appliances and burner control systems for household and similar purposes;
j) furnaces using technologies for the direct conversion of heat into electrical energy;
k) combustion chambers of non-stationary prime movers and turbines;
l) central oil supply systems for individual heating appliances;
m) furnaces using solid fuels for heating purposes for household use with a nominal thermal output up to 1 MW;
n) furnaces which are used to heat process fluids and gasses in chemical plant.
This European Standard may be used as a basis for the requirements placed on electrical equipment for furnaces, which are excluded from its field of application.
Such furnaces and the electrical equipment may be part by way of example of the following plant:
a) water heating systems;
b) steam boiler installations (steam and hot-water boilers) and heat recovery steam boilers;
NOTE 1 The requirements of this standard apply according to the electrical equipment of electrically heated steam boilers.
NOTE 2 Seagoing vessels and offshore facilities are governed by International Maritime Law and as such are not within the scope of this standard. These requirements may be used for such facilities.
c) warm air heaters;
d) hot-gas heaters;
e) heat exchanger systems;
f) combustion chambers of stationary turbines;
g) as long as no other standard is applicable for combined heat and power stations, we recommend the use of the requirements of this standard;
h)This standard may also be used as reference for electrical equipment requirements for thermo-processing equipment.
The requirements in this standard are not applicable to electrical equipment for:
i) non-electrically heated appliances and burner control systems for household and similar purposes;
j) furnaces using technologies for the direct conversion of heat into electrical energy;
k) combustion chambers of non-stationary prime movers and turbines;
l) central oil supply systems for individual heating appliances;
m) furnaces using solid fuels for heating purposes for household use with a nominal thermal output up to 1 MW;
n) furnaces which are used to heat process fluids and gasses in chemical plant.
This European Standard may be used as a basis for the requirements placed on electrical equipment for furnaces, which are excluded from its field of application.
Base documents:
EN 50156-1:2015
Replaced:
EVS-EN 50156-1:2024
EVS-EN 62788-1-2:2016
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-2: Encapsulants - Measurement of volume resistivity of photovoltaic encapsulants and other polymeric materials
Scope:
IEC 62788-1 2:2016 provides a method and guidelines for measuring the volume resistivity of materials used as encapsulation, edge seals, front-sheets, backsheets, or any other insulating material in a photovoltaic (PV) module. The test is performed on dry, humid or wet preconditioned samples. In the case of frontsheets and backsheets comprised of multiple layers, the measured resistivity is an effective value. This test is designed for room temperature measurement, but can also be utilized at higher temperatures.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-2:2016; EN 62788-1-2:2016
EVS-EN 16214-3:2012+A1:2017
Sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications - Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers - Part 3: Biodiversity and environmental aspects related to nature protection purposes
Scope:
This European Standard only defines procedures, criteria and indicators to provide the required evidence for:
- production of raw material in areas for nature protection purposes;
- harvesting of raw material from non-natural highly biodiverse grasslands; and
- cultivation and harvesting on peatland.
This European Standard specifies requirements relevant for the provision of evidence by economic operators that the production, cultivation and harvesting of raw materials is in accordance with legal or other requirements concerning the areas mentioned above.
This European Standard is applicable to production, cultivation and harvesting of biomass for biofuels and bioliquids production.
NOTE At several occasions in the text the plural form "purposes" is used, but in practice there can be just one nature protection or harvesting of raw material purpose.
- production of raw material in areas for nature protection purposes;
- harvesting of raw material from non-natural highly biodiverse grasslands; and
- cultivation and harvesting on peatland.
This European Standard specifies requirements relevant for the provision of evidence by economic operators that the production, cultivation and harvesting of raw materials is in accordance with legal or other requirements concerning the areas mentioned above.
This European Standard is applicable to production, cultivation and harvesting of biomass for biofuels and bioliquids production.
NOTE At several occasions in the text the plural form "purposes" is used, but in practice there can be just one nature protection or harvesting of raw material purpose.
Base documents:
EN 16214-3:2012+A1:2017
Replaced:
EVS-EN 16214-3:2024
EVS-EN 62788-1-5:2016
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-5: Encapsulants - Measurement of change in linear dimensions of sheet encapsulation material resulting from applied thermal conditions
Scope:
IEC 62788-1-5:2016 provides a method for measuring the maximum representative change in linear dimensions of encapsulation sheet material in an unrestricted thermal exposure as might or might not be seen during photovoltaic (PV) module fabrication. Data obtained using this method may be used by encapsulation material manufacturers for the purpose of quality control of their encapsulation material as well as for reporting in product datasheets. Data obtained using this method may be used by PV module manufacturers for the purpose of material acceptance, process development, design analysis, or failure analysis.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-5:2016; EN 62788-1-5:2016
EVS-EN 62788-1-5:2016/AC:2017
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-5: Encapsulants - Measurement of change in linear dimensions of sheet encapsulation material resulting from applied thermal conditions
Scope:
Corrigendum for EN 62788-1-5:2016
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-5:2016/COR1:2017; EN 62788-1-5:2016/AC:2017-11
EVS-EN 16214-1:2012+A1:2019
Sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications - Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers - Part 1: Terminology
Scope:
This European Standard defines the terminology to be used in the field of sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications. This European Standard specifically considers some relevant terms and definitions used in the European Commission Directive 2009/28/EC [1], referred to as Renewable Energy Directive (RED), and in the European Commission Directive 2009/30/EC [2] referred to as Fuel Quality Directive (FQD), or in other European regulations. This revision is basically a small amendment to align the text with the new requirements following the iLUC Directive and include the changes listed in in document N 224 as agreed upon during the plenary meeting.
Base documents:
EN 16214-1:2012+A1:2019
Replaced:
EVS-EN 16214-1:2024
EVS-EN IEC 62788-5-1:2020
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 5-1: Edge seals - Suggested test methods for use with edge seal materials
Scope:
IEC 62788-5-1:2020 provides procedures for standardized test methods for evaluating the properties of materials designed to be used as edge seals. When modules are constructed with impermeable (or extremely low permeability) front- and backsheets designed to protect moisture-sensitive photovoltaic (PV) materials, there is still the possibility for moisture to get in from the sides.
The test methods described in this document are intended to be used to standardize the way edge seals are evaluated. Only some of these tests are applied for IEC 61215 and IEC 61730, and that status depends on the specific design.
The test methods described in this document are intended to be used to standardize the way edge seals are evaluated. Only some of these tests are applied for IEC 61215 and IEC 61730, and that status depends on the specific design.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-5-1:2020; EN IEC 62788-5-1:2020
EVS-EN IEC 62788-6-2:2020
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 6-2: General tests - Moisture permeation testing of polymeric materials
Scope:
IEC 62788-6-2:2020 provides methods for measuring the steady-state water vapour transmission rate (WVTR), water vapour permeability (P), diffusivity (D), solubility (S), and moisture breakthrough time (Ƭ10) (defined as the time to reach 10 % of the steady state WVTR) for polymeric materials such as encapsulants, edge seals, frontsheets and backsheets. These measurements can be made at selected temperatures and humidity levels as deemed appropriate for evaluation of their performance in PV modules. Measurement is accomplished by inspection of the transient WVTR curve and by fitting it to a theoretical Fickian model. This document is best applied to monolithic films. If multilayer films are used, the D and S values are only apparent values, but the steady-state values can still be measured.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-6-2:2020; EN IEC 62788-6-2:2020
EVS-EN 60308:2005
Hydraulic turbines – Testing of control systems
Scope:
Deals with the definition and the characteristics of control systems. It is not limited to the actual controller tasks but also includes other tasks which may be assigned to a control system, such as sequence control tasks, safety and provision for the actuating energy.
Base documents:
IEC 60308:2005; EN 60308:2005
Replaced:
EVS-EN IEC 60308:2024
EVS-EN IEC 62788-1-7:2020
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-7: Encapsulants - Test procedure of optical durability
Scope:
IEC 62788-1-7:2020 is designed as a more rigorous qualification test, using accelerated UV exposure at elevated temperature to determine whether polymeric encapsulants can suffer loss of optical transmittance. IEC 61215-2 already includes a UV preconditioning test (MQT 10), however, the parameters for that test only represent a limited level of exposure (~weeks of UV dose). This test procedure is intended for representative coupon specimens, applying stress at a greater intensity (designed relative to Phoenix, AZ), using a radiation spectrum that is more similar to the terrestrial solar spectrum, and using a duration of exposure that is more relevant to the PV application (i.e., equivalent to several years of outdoor exposure). This test quantifies the degradation rate of encapsulants so that the risk of the materials losing optical transmittance during operation in the terrestrial environments can be managed. The quantitative correlation between climate (or location of use), a specific application (utility installation, residential-installation, roof-mount, rack-mount, use of a tracker, the system electrical configuration and its operation), and the test can be established for each specific encapsulant material, but is beyond the scope of this document.
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-7:2020; EN IEC 62788-1-7:2020
EVS-EN 62788-1-6:2017/A1:2020
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-6: Encapsulants - Test methods for determining the degree of cure in Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Scope:
Amendment for EN 62788-1-6:2017
Base documents:
IEC 62788-1-6:2017/A1:2020; EN 62788-1-6:2017/A1:2020
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2019
Photovoltaic devices - Part 1-2: Measurement of current-voltage characteristics of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) devices
Scope:
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2019 describes procedures for the measurement of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of bifacial photovoltaic devices in natural or simulated sunlight. It is applicable to single PV cells, sub-assemblies of such cells or entire PV modules.
This document may be applicable to PV devices designed for use under concentrated irradiation if they are measured without the optics for concentration, and irradiated using direct normal irradiance and a mismatch correction with respect to a direct normal reference spectrum is performed. This document describes the additional requirements for the measurement of I-V characteristics of bifacial PV devices.
This document may be applicable to PV devices designed for use under concentrated irradiation if they are measured without the optics for concentration, and irradiated using direct normal irradiance and a mismatch correction with respect to a direct normal reference spectrum is performed. This document describes the additional requirements for the measurement of I-V characteristics of bifacial PV devices.
Base documents:
Replaced:
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2024
EVS-EN 62788-1-4:2016/A1:2020
Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-4: Encapsulants - Measurement of optical transmittance and calculation of the solar-weighted photon transmittance, yellowness index, and UV cut-off wavelength
Scope:
Amendment to EN 62788-1-4:2016
Base documents:
EN 62788-1-4:2016/A1:2020; IEC 62788-1-4:2016/A1:2020
Drafts
EVS-EN 125:2022+prA1
Flame supervision devices for gas burning appliances - Thermoelectric flame supervision devices
Scope:
EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 applies with the following modification and addition:
Modification:
The 1st paragraph of EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 is replaced by:
This document specifies the safety, design, construction, and performance requirements and testing for thermoelectric flame supervision devices, energized by a thermocouple intended for use with burners and appliances burning one or more gaseous fuels, hereafter referred to as “controls”.
This document is applicable to controls with declared maximum inlet pressures up to and including 500 kPa and of nominal connection sizes up to and including DN 50.
Addition:
This document is not applicable to:
— the thermocouple;
— controls which use auxiliary energy (e.g. electrical energy supplied externally).
The 4th paragraph of EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 is removed.
Modification:
The 1st paragraph of EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 is replaced by:
This document specifies the safety, design, construction, and performance requirements and testing for thermoelectric flame supervision devices, energized by a thermocouple intended for use with burners and appliances burning one or more gaseous fuels, hereafter referred to as “controls”.
This document is applicable to controls with declared maximum inlet pressures up to and including 500 kPa and of nominal connection sizes up to and including DN 50.
Addition:
This document is not applicable to:
— the thermocouple;
— controls which use auxiliary energy (e.g. electrical energy supplied externally).
The 4th paragraph of EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 is removed.
Base documents:
EN 125:2022+A1:2024